Segregation of Church and State Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Isolation of Church and State - Essay Example r, p. 2-6).At present the division of chapel and state1 is a prevalent guideline of United State's administration and some different majority rules systems. It attempts to guard strict freedom and to turn away shamefulness or end based on religion. In the United States, the segment of chapel and state has establishes in the First Amendment to the Constitution. Additionally,The correction keeps up that Congress will make no law regarding a foundation of religion, or restricting the free exercise thereof. Courts have decided that this revision restricts government from helping an official or supported religion, or impeding with the act of conviction. (Burger, p. 21-89) Moreover, different nations, tallying Australia, France, with Japan, additionally back division of chapel and state. A few nations, for example the United Kingdom, proceed with division in certain districts yet recognize specific religions as legitimate (national) houses of worship.

Communication in the Nursing Profession Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Correspondence in the Nursing Profession - Essay Example Correspondence might be verbal, non-verbal, or deduced through the activities that a medical caretaker may take or keep away from. Correspondence might be a solitary sentence that starts with the sender, however the recipient is the vital piece of the procedure where the message is deciphered and put in setting with a bigger talk. Correspondence is universal and unavoidable. All of data that is moved from attendants to their general surroundings gets through some type of correspondence. In the present quick paced universe of nursing, where exactness and time can have the effect among progress and disappointment, correspondence turns into the most basic segment driving a patient's result. The structure of a medicinal services setting today is unmistakably more between subordinate than at some other time ever. Social and social decent variety have made the interchanges among medical caretakers and patients in danger of miscommunication, yet has likewise given attendants the chance to be progressively enunciated and important. Relational abilities are a zone where it is now and again hard to gauge, yet there are consistently gives that warrant improvement. What's more, information is passed from medical caretakers, pros, and doctors through the demonstration of conveying. It is one of the absolute most significant exercises that a social insurance laborer participates in. Innovation has given medical attendants new chances and strategies for correspondence, however there is in every case some protection from change inside any gathering. This paper will assess a portion of the present writing concerning interchanges among the nursing calling. By realizing what advancemen ts are accessible, the present deduction on correspondence, and the effect of culture and assorted variety, medical attendants can lift the status of their interchanges and get more an incentive for the time that they spend conveying Writing Review. Bedside Manner The absolute generally common and significant interchanges for a medical attendant happens between the attendant and the patient. Referred to generally as bedside way, these might be basic guidelines on self-care, or might be the easygoing words that offer the patient expectation, backing, solace, and regard. A medical attendant might be seen as being sure and minding by being merciful, real, and thoughtful, or on the other hand show the adverse attributes of egotism, discourteousness, or detachment (Person and Finch 6-7). This adjusts not just a patient's perspective on the clinic and its degree of care, however may likewise have additionally enduring ramifications. As indicated by Person and Finch, the patient's impression of supplier bedside way impacts wellbeing status, fulfillment, and consistence (Person and Finch 1). A medical caretaker may need to impart directions that are important to keep up the patient's subsequent consideration after they have been released from the emer gency clinic. This might be in a setting where passing, sickness, and family wants should be considered from a social vantage point. The medical caretaker might be the most essential on-screen character in clarifying and explaining the data that the doctor gave a patient during a rushed time of uneasiness (Ufema 70). The medical caretaker can connect the basic hole among 'fix' and 'care', and start to impart as far as harmony and conclusion, instead of the more specialized language that may be normal from a doctor (Ufema 70). In the event that the

Influenza Essay -- essays research papers

Flu  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â Flu, typically called â€Å"the flu†, the flu infection causes a contamination in the breath tract. Despite the fact that the flu infection can once in a while be contrasted and the regular virus. It additionally can cause an increasingly extreme disease or passing. During this previous century, pandemics occurred in 1918, 1957, and 1968, in these cases there where shockingly numerous passings. The â€Å"Spanish flu† in 1918, slaughtered roughly a large portion of a million people in the United States alone. It murdered around 20 million around the world. The â€Å"Asian flu† in 1957, in the United States their 70,000 individuals kicked the bucket. In 1968 the â€Å"Hong-Kong flu† There where 34,000 passings in the United States. The development of the â€Å"Hong-Kong flu† denoted the start of the of the strand type A (H3N2) period Different strands of a similar infection caused every one of these episodes of flu. At the point when this infection previously developed. It was related with less passings than brought about by the two past pandemic infections that I referenced. There are a couple of purposes behind the hemagglutinin transformed from the â€Å"Asian flu† strain. The neuraminidase remained the equivalent. Well the main clarification would be that individuals influenced with the A (H2N2) strain (â€Å"Asian flu†), Built up invulnerability to the â€Å"Hong-Kong flu†. The flu infection relying upon the seriousness normally incorporates: fever (around 100 F to 103 F), hack, sore throat, cerebral pain, stodgy and running nose, muscle irritation and fatigue....

The Myth of Buildeus Essay Example For Students

The Myth of Buildeus Essay Buildeus was conceived when a rebel glimmer of helping from the god Zeus struck a sapling and transformed it into a genuine kid. Zeus required another specialist for his lighting since it just wasnt sufficient so Zeus gave Buildeus forces to make numerous a things from toys to planes. The main issue with Buildeus was that he was made of wood so fire was his most exceedingly terrible adversary, even a little sparkle can light his body quickly. Buildeus was raised by a visually impaired couple that lived in the forested areas. At age seven he had assembled 100s of various instruments for the couple to utilize, things like a pocket knifes, sledges, and anything he could get his wooden hands on, and did errands, for example, modifying the house, cooking, cleaning, incredibly all that he did was great. When Buildeus was 15 years of age, the couple chose an instruction was the most intelligent decision for Buildeus so they went by foot for 11 miles and after finding the main school of Lake Ozwego joined and enlisted. Buildeus being unique, was dealt with seriously by different understudies, he was called crack, appalling, and was frequently brought close to lighters for the fun of different understudies. The most noticeably awful of them everything was the wickedness janitaur which lived in engine compartment, the janitaur continually disregarded Buildeus, constraining the poor kid to tidy up messes he didnt make and make fiendish things for him. Janitaur likewise hurt and rebuffed a significant number of different understudies and was loathed by all. The main path for the understudies to quiet him was offering 7 understudies each year into detainment. Head Minos couldn't have cared less, for he was a malevolent traditionalist bowed on a lone human school. The main thing keeping Buildeus alive was his adoration for Betsy Crocker the main young lady woodworker in the school which treated him like a typical individual. We will compose a custom article on The Myth of Buildeus explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now Buildeus chose to leave and go to live with his brethren for intervention and insight inside the backwoods. He appealed to his maker on what to do, thus Zeus revealed to him Son, with your astounding craftsmanship change yourself, become more up to date and better and more astute. In the event that they dont acknowledge you, at that point converse with me and Ill put em on the right track Doing as he was told made himself into Buildeus 2.0 came back to class and discovered that another school was being made. Presently was the ideal opportunity for Buildeus to sparkle, he offered to help however the janitaur wouldn't let this wooden kid work. While the janitaur was in the engine compartment Buildeus moved him to a wrestling challenge, the janitaur tied on his wrestling horns and could be effortlessly confused with a man bull you could state. Inside the engine compartment, which heaved fire like the black market Hades, the wrestling occurred. The warmth was a lot for Buildeus, however he battled on. The janitaur attempted to vanquish him yet Buildeus 2.0 was to solid and crushed the shrewdness janitaur. After his annihilation the janitaur shouted out Youll never escape my maze of channels, bwahahaha and blacked out however Buildeus shirt had a free string that got onto the entryway handle and gradually discovered out. Presently certain about himself, others understood his change and exertion to support the new school and quit ridiculing him and began turning out to be companions. Different understudies understood that its whats within that matters, and that he devastated the Janitaur. Buildeus worked easily on this school; insofar as sun was in the sky Buildeus worked. Gradually it appeared, the provisions were coming up short, on the last day of its creation, they required only a board a greater amount of wood and all the assets were gone so Buildeus returned to his characteristic state and relinquished himself so as to spare the school. Despite the fact that Buildeus might not have been godlike while living, Buildeus was eternal to the eyes of the understudies of the school and is currently a piece of the school regarding this day.

Electrical Engineering - 2750 Words

Electrical Engineering (Research Paper Sample) Content: Name: Instructor: Course: Date: INTRODUCTION The growth of crops in a greenhouse enables the farmers to grow crops at all times of the year irrespective of the season. Greenhouses allow the farmers to grow crops at a time when it would otherwise be impossible to grow on the outside fields because of the weather. The greenhouse maintains optimum conditions for reliable and efficient plant growth. The sun provides solar energy which when utilized brings about the greenhouse effect. Inside the greenhouse, the farmer must have adequate systems to control and maintain an optimum environment for the growth of different crops as described by Northern, Henry, and Rebecca on "Greenhouse Gardening." The greenhouse structure should be sufficiently transparent as demonstrated by Currey, and Lopez to the sunlight for the growth of the plants. The greenhouse should be adequately enclosed so as to minimize the heat loss through radiation. The sunlight is a vital element in plant growth. Plant makes their own food through the process of photos ynthesis. Light is a key element for photosynthesis to occur. However, the rate of photosynthesis is dependent on the light intensity, direction and duration. Background. Greenhouse crops are similar to the outside gardening crops in terms of nutrients and water. However, the greenhouse crops flourish well due to the optimum growth environment provided by the greenhouse. In addition, crop husbandry is simple and reliable in an enclosed setup of the greenhouse. Greenhouse cultivation, apart from providing and maintaining optimum growth environment, it also helps in prevention and control of disease and pests. The varying outdoor environment sometimes provide harboring conditions for the crop pests and diseases. Managing and controlling heating, ventilation, air circulation and cooling is of utmost importance and should be carefully accomplished for optimum crop productivity. The constant management and monitoring helps the farmers make good decisions and able to mitigate the problems caused by adverse conditions on the crops. PROBLEM STATEMENT AND JUSTIFICATION This project aims in developing a comprehensive automatic monitoring system for regulating the crop growth. Greenhouse are optimized with the right conditions, and they have grown increasingly important in the world's food security. In the greenhouse, the temperatures, soil aeration and moisture, humidity and light is controlled. Temperature, humidity, light and the length of the plant will be monitored and controlled. Greenhouse effect is associated with excess heat as described by Titchmarsh, especially when the sun intensity is very strong. Excessive heat to plants is sufficiently dangerous to the plant growth and can lead numerous plant related problems. It can lead to stunted growth in plants, damaged fruits, damaged leaves and can even lead the death of the crops. Different species of crops have different optimum growth temperatures. These optimum temperatures may be different for the stem and root. Solar radiation has the largest effect on the growing environment. In maintaining optimum growth temperatures, the farmers are met with challenges. In a general perspective summer, crops prevail well in temperatures of about ÂÂ  74Â ° to 84Â °F in the daytime and at night about 60Â ° to 75Â °F. These temperatures are lower on cloudy days since the plant is not photosynthesizing. Temperatures can rise or drop depending on the season. The farmer must identify the optimum temperature needed for the growth of his or her crops to adequately control it. ÂÂ  The crop temperature monitoring and control affects the rate of plant development. During the sunny seasons, the transpiration rate in plants is at its peak. There're is a lot evaporation from the soil. These two processes cause the humidity in the greenhouse to shoot to alarming levels. The warm air in the greenhouse maintains the moisture in vapor form. When the temperature falls especially at night, the moisture in the air condenses and forms water droplets in the form of due on the leaves and stems of the crops which are the cooler surfaces as described by Smith. The condensed moisture encourages fungal growth on the crops destroying them. The crops should be protected from this fungal infection by regulating the amount of humid in the greenhouse. Greenhouses have a relative humidity of about 80% during the high growth seasons and periods. When this level increases to around 90%, the crops have a real fungal issue. The light is important in photosynthesis and should be considered in the design of the greenhouse. Shade overhangs from the roof should be monitored and modified if they form a big shade on the crops. At the early age of seedling development light is of utmost importance and should be appropriately supplied. Fluorescent lights are incorporated with the greenhouse to provide the optimum light conditions for the young crops. Some crops require and flourish well in high light intensity such as tomatoes. High intensity discharge lighting systems with special lighting bulbs are installed in the greenhouse. They provide the sufficient light to the light-loving plants. The greenhouse crops will flourish well with the light entering the greenhouse and additional light from the induced lighting. It is important for the farmer to monitor the plant length. This is important in the growth of crops such as tomatoes. The crops may grow high, and regulation of this height is important. Controlling the height is also important to the growth of horticultural crops like flowers. The crops especially flowers should not exceed their maximum height necessities. Maintaining the required length and picking table for crops is important to ensure productivity. RELATED WORK A lot has been done and reported on greenhouse environment monitoring. In managing and controlling temperatures, the greenhouse has installed mechanisms to aid in ventilation. The ventilations can be natural or forced mechanically. In mechanical forced ventilation, the greenhouse is fitted with louvers, exhaust fans which are electrically operated. Forced ventilation provides cooling to the greenhouse when properly designed. In natural ventilation, the air is allowed to flow in and out of the greenhouse naturally. All is needed are the inlets. In most small scale greenhouse, there are is no electrical and electronic mechanisms used to control the humidity level. The farmers ensure adequate spacing and ensure the floors are well drained. However, large scale farmers have advanced automated electrical and mechanical mechanisms to maintain and regulate the humidity level in the greenhouse to a predetermined value suitable for the crops. Wireless based systems. Wireless sensor based greenhouse monitoring of the environment has been done with programmed control for moisture. This is demonstrated by Park to control temperatures and humidity in the greenhouse. They emphasize on moisture condensation control system in order to maintain the right temperature and humidity. This control will hinder fungal infection to the plants. A Prototype Greenhouse Environment Monitoring System is demonstrated by Kumar, which utilizes wireless based networks. INTECH demonstrates use of robot controlled system through a wireless network to acquire data in the greenhouse. Kelly uses a wireless network to design a system that uses temperature, light and humidity sensors to control the greenhouse environment and prevent the crops from a fungal infection caused by high humidity. In his article Khandewal demonstrates how to automate the greenhouse with GSM reporting. GSM wireless networks are used to inform the farmer on the various condition s in the greenhouse. PLC based control systems. Using PLC based control system for the control of the greenhouse environment. The PLC is programmed to control the greenhouse environment. Control of temperature and humidity is achieved using different sensors. The PLC automatically regulates the temperature and humidity levels in the greenhouse. Green house control systems monitor and regulate the temperatures, humidity and light intensity. The greenhouse controlled accessories include; fans, misting and fogging systems, vents, and cooling and heating systems. All this processes are automated as described by Hashimoto in automation of greenhouse systems. Challenges in greenhouse monitoring. The challenges are normally brought about by the selected sensor. The sensors must be installed in the greenhouse. The greenhouse is associated with high levels of humidity, dirt, and excessive exposure to sunlight. The selection of this instruments must be thorough for reliable control of the environment. The instruments must be accurate to deliver accurate and reliable sensor signals to the microcontroller. The instrument must be able to deal with high moisture condensation. For reliable monitoring and control the response time of the sensors must be small to ensure efficiency. Compatibility problems between the sensor's signal and the overall control system. Since the control module is an integration of many parts, it becomes a major problem in finding spare parts. Essence of my approach. This project prototype will monitor and control the greenhouse environment. The approach employed in this project is simple and easy to use. The components used in this project are easily accessed. Unlike other documented projects on greenhouse environment control, this project also incorporates an alarm to inform the farmer when the crops have reached a certain predetermined height. The laser sensor will detect a height of 1.5 meter and alarm the farmer through a buzzer to harvest the crops. The approach described in this project report is simple and easy to incorporate and utilize it in the greenhouse. With the flexibility of microcontroller based system, this design can be incorpor...

How to Send SAT Scores to Colleges

Students spend a lot of time preparing for the SAT before the big day finally arrives. After test day has come and gone, the next step is sending SAT scores to colleges. Students want to make sure that colleges receive their scores along with the rest of their application information. Though testing officials are responsible for sending out SAT scores, students do have some say in the process. Discover how to send SAT scores to colleges here, and get some tips on how to prep for the exam! How to Send SAT Scores to Colleges When it comes to sending scores to colleges, there are a couple of options for students to think about. The first option allows students to specify their requests during SAT registration each student gets four registration score reports for free. The second option for sending SAT scores to colleges happens after registration. This option is perfect for students who aren’t sure where they want to attend school. Students go online to their SAT account on the College Board’s website to add names of colleges. They are allowed to add colleges to their list for nine days after their test date. There is an additional fee to send score reports if they are submitted ten days after a student’s test date. Can Students Decide Which SAT Scores They Send to Colleges? Students can sign up for a program on the College Board’s website that allows them to choose the SAT scores they send out to colleges. A student is able to choose a score by SAT test date or even select a specific SAT subject test. Naturally, most students want to emphasize their highest test scores to colleges. Some students enjoy having this type of control over the SAT score-sending process. But all students must keep in mind that most college officials make it a point to focus on each student’s best SAT scores. Can Students Have Their SAT Scores Rush-Delivered to Schools? It is possible for students to have their SAT scores sent to a college by rush delivery service. Sometimes students make a last-minute decision about applying to a college and need to get their test scores to the school as soon as possible. In some cases, this can be an ideal way to deliver SAT scores. Send the scores via this method and the school will receive the information within two business days of order completion. How Can Students View Their Own SAT Score Report? Students have access to their SAT scores approximately three weeks after they take the test. They will receive notification that the scores are in. To look at the scores, students must sign into their SAT account on the College Board’s website. They’ll also have access to a full score report. This report provides a detailed breakdown of a student’s scores and provides a comparison with others who took the SAT. If a student registers for the SAT by mail, they will be sent a paper copy of a score report. Preparing for the SAT Students who want to turn in their best possible performance on the SAT should start preparing several months before their test date. At Veritas Prep, we hire capable instructors who scored in the 99th percentile on the SAT. Our instructors are able to convey helpful strategies and tips to students based on their practical knowledge of the exam. We provide students with the support and encouragement they need to do well on test day. We have in-person and online courses so students can choose the option that fits into their busy schedule. We give students the tools they need to navigate this important exam. Our professional instructors use effective study materials and resources to help students prepare for every section of the test. In addition, we review practice tests with students to make each study period as efficient as possible. We are proud to play a part in a student’s success on the SAT. Contact the Veritas Prep team to see how we can help you succeed today! Still need to take the SAT? Check out our variety of free SAT resources to help you study successfully. And be sure to find us on Facebook, YouTube, Google+ and Twitter!

The Research And Career Of Robert Plomin - 2386 Words

The Research and Career of Robert Plomin Robert Plomin is perhaps one of the most well known psychologists of the 20th century. He is a preeminent researcher in the field of behavior genetics, is at the forefront of the ongoing â€Å"nature versus nurture† debate, and is most famous for his support of the nonshared environment influence among siblings, and for his recent work with twin studies. To date, Plomin has authored over 700 articles and books, and he continues to ardently research and serve as a professor at King’s College London. Early Research Plomin’s interest in evolution, natural selection, and genes began at a young age. He studied psychology and completed his dissertation on the topic of temperament and personality development, under the direction of Arnold Buss at the University of Texas, Austin (Pearce, 2003). For his study, parents of 137 sets of twins between the ages of two and six were asked to rate the temperaments of their children, as well as report the temperaments of themselves and their spouse. The results demonstrated great genetic influence on the characteristics of impulsivity, sociability, emotionality, and activity level, which are all important aspects of temperament (Pearce, 2003). Additionally, Buss and Plomin released a book in 1975 entitled A Temperament Theory of Personality Development, which argued the idea that genetic variance occurs between individuals, but that there are no significant genetic differences between various races andShow MoreRelatedThe Nature Vs. Nurture Debate1971 Words   |  8 Pageshave nothing to do with how we turn out; it all depends on our genes. One psychologist, however, has made the attempt to bridge these two sides together. Robert Plomin’s work in genetics and psychology has helped people understand the roles the environment and genetics play in areas such as education, behavior, and development. Robert J. Plomin was born in the windy city in 1948 in a one-bedroom rented flat. His father worked in a car factory starting off on the assembly line and later being promotedRead MoreNature versus Nurture: Criminal Behavior2176 Words   |  9 Pagesso they could be altered for the purpose of preventing the number of crime. Within the past decade there has been a wide range of research and evidence available based on both sides of the nature or nurture debate. Along with further research that identifies a number of determinants that have some form of influence towards criminal behavior and activity. This research usually surrounds various evidence which links criminal behavior to social, cultural and environmental factors (Lykken, 1993). WhilstRead More Donald Trump-Super Supervisor Essay2289 Words   |  10 PagesHandspring. Robert Johnson founded BET Network, the first African American cable network. This venture eventually made Mr. Johnson $3 billion. (Merit, 1998, p.1). What all of these people share is a vision, and a dream. They are efficient, dedicated and flexible. They didn’t give up, and they didn’t lose sight of their vision. Another self-made millionaire, and business leader is Donald Trump. Although he is probably most well known for the reality show The Apprentice, Mr. Trump’s career began withRead MorePersonality and Ethics8599 Words   |  35 Pagesgrow from childhood to old age. And every individual’s personality begins the moment they are capable of perceiving the world. The development of one’s personality depends on two factors which are nature and nurture. As cited in Carducci (2009) Plomin, DeFries, McClearn amp; McGuffin (2001) it’s stated that biological factors do contribute to the physical and personality characteristic such as genetic heritability; however, this does not shows that all individuals’ personality is determined only

Obesity A Global Public Health Concern - 1420 Words

Obesity epidemic still remains in the U.S., and obesity rates are rising around the world. It becomes a global public health concern. According to CDC Non-Hispanic blacks have the highest age-adjusted rates of obesity (47.8%) followed by Hispanics (42.5%), non-Hispanic whites (32.6%), and non-Hispanic Asians (10.8%) Obesity is higher among middle age adults, 40-59 years old (39.5%) than among younger adults, age 20-39 (30.3%) or adults over 60 or above (35.4%) adults. Obesity is raging in the black community, especially in my community where 75% of residents are African American, 4 out of 5 of individual are overweight or obese. But now the startling new information about race and weight one ethnic group has by far the most alarming African is staggeringly high because obesity is related to a lot of chronic disease such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes, many types of cancer and rising high rate of obesity play a big role on the rising cost of healthcare. As healthcare providers in the community we have take it seriously by taking steps that could decrease the expansion of these preventable diseases that are occurring, and all that can be tackle by controlling obesity. As the author Nia Mitchell asserted â€Å"The strongest data on obesity prevalence rates over time in the U.S. come from r esults of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES). NHANES periodically collect measured heights and weights in representative samples of the population. The mostShow MoreRelatedBackground and Methodology of the Research Process to Problems in Health Care1003 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Process to Problems in Health Care Childhood Obesity HCS/465 August 2, 2012 Donald Steacy Introduction The purpose of the paper is to show how to develop and understand methodology of the research process when pertaining to health care. The process consists of retrieving a peer-reviewed article and applying the research methodology to the article selected. The article selected for the research methodology was Childhood Obesity: A Global Public Health Crisis written by Sameera KarnikRead MoreNutrition and Health in Third World Countries1523 Words   |  7 PagesNutrition and Health: Underdeveloped and Developed Nations Na’Tasha Slade Strayer University Nutrition and Health: Underdeveloped and Developed Nations Despite the vast research on nutrition and health, malnutrition is still a major fatality in this present day. Policymakers, social scientist and medical experts have expressed alarm about the growing problem. While most agree that the issue deserves attention, consensus dissolves around how to respond and resolve the problem. Malnourishment continuesRead MoreThe Gorge Yourself Enviroment760 Words   |  4 Pagesvending machines down the hallway. There is no way to escape the never-ending advertisements from fast food restaurant. This is where obesity begins; consuming more food portions than your body needs People need to set limits and health plans early in their life to overcome this new threat. In this research, journalist Erica Goode tries to evaluate the local and global influence of the fast food industry of the United States. Erica Goode is an award winning journalist and currently on the staff ofRead MoreStatement Of Purpose For Doctoral Program1296 Words   |  6 PagesEtinosa Oghogho Texas A and M University College of Public Health Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences Statement of Purpose for Doctoral Program Statement of Purpose and Objectives When submitting your Statement of Purpose and Objectives, it should be unique to each program to which you are going to apply. Your statement is intended to give you the opportunity to submit a tailored narrative which will describe your education, experience and professional career objectivesRead MoreObesity Epidemic in the United Kingdom698 Words   |  3 Pagesrecent study considered the framing of the obesity epidemic in UK newspapers from 1996 to 2010. It claims that during this fifteen year period there was an increase in media reporting on obesity. These figures may reflect the claims that obesity was on the increase during this period. However, an article in the Sociolgical Forum suggests that â€Å"Journalists sensationalise what they report on by using certain themes, language or metaphors to attract public attention† (Saguy Almeling, 2008, p.57).Read MoreObesity Is A Threat For Global Health1724 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Obesity is a major disease which has become a global problem, there are more than 250 million people have body mass index more 30. Obesity is being major concern of the people as it leads to stroke and heart attack. This figure is being spread worldwide thus this has become of the major concerned for world health. The prevalence of the concerned disease is high in number around the world. This disease has become concern of both developing and developed countries which has raised theRead MoreEconomic, Health, And Economic Issues In The United States1053 Words   |  5 PagesIn looking at issues facing the United States, hurricanes, illegal immigration, and obesity seem to be the three that stand out the most. These issues present some terrible problems and concerns for the United States which can cause significanificant environmental, economical, health, and more importantly, negative impact on the lives of Americans. These issues have created significant controversy as to how eac h of these issues are to be dealt with in their current state. There are many differentRead MoreFighting the Obesity Epidemic in the UK912 Words   |  4 PagesPublic health aims prevention of health problems before they occur and mainly focuses on population rather than individual (Thorbory, 2009). It also helps to improve the health and well being of individuals, communities and the wider population and prevent from mortality and disability (Nursing Times.net, 2013). Prevention such as immunisation and screening, Protection such as safety and protection from abuse and promotion such as health education are the three main approaches of public health (RCNRead MoreMcdonalds Case Analysis1604 Words   |  7 Pagessuccessful global company that we are today, as we are now the number one fast food restaurant in the world. However, today, several public concerns are threatening our positive image and status. Today, there is an ever-increasing concern for health consciousness, changing demographics, and a list of other issues that are influencing how we run our restaurants. These topics must be assessed and analyzed, to find the best strategies and solutions possible to ensure that McDonalds remains the global leaderRead More Critiquing Internet Sources The author is keen in analyzing the issue of excessive consumption of800 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the multimedia tool is keen on focusing on obesity, which has become one of the growing health concern among both children and adults. The tool shows the main reason why obesity has become a growing concern. It is clear since it articulates the problem of obesity with poor diet and the lack of exercise. An increasing number of individuals in the United States and the world are not practicing a balanced diet which is the major cause of the health issue. It is important to acknowledge that the

The Changes in Police and Crime Drama Over Time Essay

The Changes in Police and Crime Drama Over Time Crime drama has always been featured as one of the most popular genres of our society. However over the year’s crime drama has been changed and adapted to fit into different times. Many aspects of crime drama have been changed such as camera shots, seriousness of crimes and police language/jargon in order for crime drama to change with the times, become more realistic and retain its former popularity. Throughout time many crime programmes featured on T.V have changed through Media language (Iconography, editing, camerawork and music). The Bill, first created in 1984 featured a lot of Iconography. At the start of the title sequence the camera focuses†¦show more content†¦Camera shots and editing have also changed. Older title sequences of the Bill used long camera shots, which were not varied and were focused on a particular person. However over the years as technology has improved the title sequences have become faster paced and use shorter and varied camera shots that create feelings of excitement and tension for the viewer. Music has also changed. The original title sequence (1984) featured reggae style music and used off beat instruments. This suggested that the programme was based in a multi-cultural area. The music in the late 80’s was more upbeat and faster paced, however it featured the same theme tune. The music in the mid 90’s was jazzy and sophisticated. Music has become more upbeat due to changes of personalities in society. However the theme tune has remained the same in order for people of different times to identify the programme as a long remaining classic. The storylines of each title sequence have also changed over time. In the original title sequence we do not see the police’s face. This indicates that the main emphasis of the programme is on the job of the police rather than their characters. The slow moving music and camera shots convey the sense that the programme does not feature dangerous crimes but simple crimes such as theft or burglary. However the late 80’s title sequence shows clips ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Crime Drama Genre1663 Words   |  7 Pagesthat television genres continue to develop over time in response to changes in audience tastes and original creative ideas. Indeed, television genres will keep on developing to meet the expectations and satisfaction of the audience. Crime drama series have become one of the most popular television genres within our society. It attracts the audience by dealing with themes and issues relating to the news and current affairs that the viewers are aware of. Cr ime fiction has various sub-genres includingRead MoreThe Godfather Is A 1972 American Crime Drama Directed By Francis Coppola919 Words   |  4 Pages1972 American crime drama directed by Francis Coppola based on the 1969 novel by Mario Puzo. The film stars Marlin Brando and Al Pacino as the leaders of a powerful family business of crime. The story is centred on Michael Corleone, and how he grows from a young man wanting nothing to do with the family business to a ruthless Don who will stop at nothing to exact his revenge. The movie grossed around 286 million dollars and is touted as one of the most successful films of all time, and in 1990 itRead MoreForensic Science And The Scientific Examination Of Evidence1644 Words   |  7 Pagesin a crime scene is called forensic science. Forensic scientists use the same technology, tools and methods used by other scientists doing other types of research, including microscopes, computers, and lasers. As forensic science has advanced over th e years, so has the ability to gather evidence and solve crimes. At crime scenes, lasers provide lighting to track blood sample that not visible to the naked eye. 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Over the last year, we’ve had to examples in the media that pertains to this discussion. In Ferguson, MO there was the Michael Brown case involving the shooting of an unarmed man by police officer Darrin Wilson. There was the death of Eric Garner involving the New York Police Department. Depending on what mediaRead MorePhilosophical Analysis of Gone Baby Gone Essay1744 Words   |  7 PagesAffleck’s drama Gone Baby Gone, two very notable philosophies collide head on, and the protagonist must choose between the two to find the solution that he feels is ‘right.’ In Affleck’s brilliantly rendered drama Gone Baby Gone, a young girl is abducted from her mother, in a blue collar area of Boston, Massachusetts. Patrick Kenzie and his girlfriend are private investigators who are called in by the sister-in-law of the abducted childs mother. 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As Brazil is set to hold the Summer Olympic Games this year in 2016, the government has been intervening with the history of Rio’s violent crime rates; it was something the government had never done before, considering the severe corruption and risks of diseases in the favelas. Due to this intervention, many residents have been either kicked out or killed by police in the favelasRead MoreEssay on The Crime Drama Genre 1948 Words   |  8 PagesThe crime drama genre has endured many changes since the days of Dickson of Dock Green (1955-1976) in the UK along with Dick Tracy (1950-1952) in the USA. The natural progression within the crime drama genre saw them eventually displaying police procedurals. This was a first for television, the audience not only saw the crime and the apprehension of the criminal, but for the first time, the whole crime solving system was opened for the audience to see. 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Movie Analysis The Movie - 1072 Words

The film that is being critiqued is The Help. The Help was released in the theaters in 2011 and is based off the book written by Kathryn Stocketts. This film is set in Jackson, Mississippi, a segregated society, in the 1960s. The main character is a 22 year old Southern society girl, named Skeeter, who is determined to become a writer, coming back from college. Upon her arrival, she notices that her family maid is gone. After a multitude of events take place, she decides to write a book about the relationship between black maids and society. The movie shows how the town reacts to the release of the book and the lives of many of the black maids and the families they served. Throughout this movie, there are many stereotypes, images, and representations of gender, class, and race and demonstrate intersectionality. This paper, will outline these categories are portrayed throughout the film. In the film, there are many issues and differing expectations concerning those of different genders. Some of these issues are related to education, work, marriage, and childbirth. These expectations can differ based on the person’s race and class. Race, in the film, was shown through an array of stereotypes and played a key role in how and if the questioned those deemed as authority. Most of the representation of class was of the oppression that those of a lower class experienced and the class of their oppressors. Issues affecting those of a certain race or class are hard to separate due toShow MoreRelatedMovie Analysis : Movie 991 Words   |  4 Pages Film Analysis #3 The movie is an excellent portrayal of the current situation of our lifestyle in this generation. To be frank, it is a deep movie that has humor to help captivate and keep the attention of the audience drawn in. 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Multinational Corporations in Political Environments

Question: Discuss about the Multinational Corporations in Political Environments. Answer: Introduction: The company in focus today is an Australian British multinational by the name Rio Tinto. It is the second largest metal and mining corporation in Australia after BHP Billiton and among the largest mining corporations in the world. The company was initially founded in 1873 in Spain when a group of investors formed a consortium and purchased a mine complex in Rio Tinto. This was in Huelva area of Spain and was bought from the government. It is a leader in production of minerals like aluminum, copper, uranium, iron ore, diamonds and coal. Through mergers and acquisitions, the company has grown in leaps and bounds since its inception crossing borders into many countries and becoming a multinational. Its primary focus is mineral extraction although it has significant refining operations in Canada and Australia (Dunning, 2013). Rio Tinto has joint offices that act as its headquarters for operational services. As a British- Australian multinational, it has offices in both London and Melbourne Australia. In Britain it operates as Rio Tinto global plc. While in Australia it operates as Rio Tinto Limited. It is also a duo- listed company and trades in both the London Stock Exchange and the Australian Security exchange. It is also a SP / ASX 200 component. It owns many subsidiaries which are fully or partly owned. It has more than 50, 000 employees globally while it has many in Australia and United Kingdom. It is among the largest employers in Australia (Rio Tinto, 2008). The company operates under the duo- listed company structure which operates as the executive committee and the board of directors. The major executives under the company are Jean-Sebastian Jacques- CEO Jan Du Plesis- Chairman The companys failure to diversify in its earlier stages of mergers and acquisition led to BHP doing very well in Australian mineral sector. The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with an overview of the impacts of the mining industry on the environment and give an insight into the relationship between the industry and sustainable development. The economic development of countries and society is a product of an important contribution of the mining industry, since through it materialize dreams of families, entrepreneurs and society in general. It is, argued that the mining sector has enormous influence on economic activity, employment and growth rates (Adeyeye, 2012). Characterization of environmental impacts in the abiotic environment The mining industry associated with the development of countries, the generation, improvement and transformation of structure, undoubtedly seeks to meet the needs that society presents. On the other hand, its environmental management has as objective to treat the impacts or changes, whether adverse or beneficial, derived from the different practices in the different stages o f the development of a mining . In this context the aspects of the human and natural environment and their interactions with mining projects are highlighted. The industry in question includes several sources of pollution that can be framed in the different aspects and environmental impacts typical of the economic sector and that modify the abiotic component of the ecosystems, that is, the soil, the air and the water, as described then (Mining in Western Australia, n.d.): Soil: it is fundamentally altered by solid, liquid and / or hazardous waste generated in industry and associated with dismantling, cleaning, dismantling, excavation, demolition, hydraulic works and road mining, among others . The law states that the discharge of mining debris and debris has many negative effects on the environment, among others: pollution, excessive use of materials with the consequent loss of natural resources, degradation of landscape quality and alteration of Natural drainage. On the other hand, the waste of material, hand of Work and transport that involve the residues, has also negative consequences, since it raises the final costs of mining. In the final course of the useful life of the mining, all materials used often become debris, ie large amounts (50%) are presented as waste materials. Just as waste has important influence on soil, land use, acidification, eutrophication and Eco toxicity also do so, and are fundamentally characterized by the change generated to the ecosystem (Sleeboom-Faulkner, 2010). The earth movements generate alteration of the geomorphology, the loss of vegetation cover, cause faster erosion processes and sometimes, when using explosives for excavations i n the mining industry, it is possible to generate slopes instability which would lead to A risk of landslides and landslides that can generate both infrastructure losses and human losses. The mining industry has had a strong influence on the development of nations, both in their economic structures and in the well-being of the community. However, inherent to its actions and its economic activity, this industry is continuously in interaction with the environment, having as a priority the respect and conservation of the same. Environmental management is a necessity and a strategy for the sustainability of a country's economy. The starting point is the identification of environmental aspects and the evaluation of the environmental impact, in order to analyze and evaluate the effects and modifications that can have a system, organization, project or mining site. Considering cities as ecosystems vulnerable to economic, social, cultural and environmental actions, these are seen as sources of pollution of the environment, given the burden they bear in terms of population, resource decline and industry in general. A framework of sustainability, the mining industry has a challenge and responsibility to include environmental management in the value chain of its constructive developments, paying special attention to the excessive consumption of the world resources as one of the main components of the starting point of all development (Rio Tinto Business With Communities Program, 2000). The objective of this article is to explore the main regulatory challenges for the multilateral trading system arising from new technologies and their implications for Australia and New Zealand. The second section presents an overview of the impact of some disruptive innovations on world trade, highlighting changes in forms of production and exchange, new types of goods and services, and other trade-related costs. The third section examines the challenges for the multilateral trading system, exploring both horizontal issues and sectors that will require regulatory changes. Finally, the fourth section analyzes the opportunities and the challenges that open up with this scenario for the countries of the region. Proposals to reform the current global tax system are clearly insufficient and institutions promoting international cooperation in the tax field are not inclusive enough. " That is the conclusion of the Independent Commission for the Reform of International Corporate Taxation, which today will reveal a document that includes global recommendations on the subject, and in which the. Likewise, the statement points out that abusive tax practices constitute a form of corruption. "This is true even when corporate practices adhere to legality and when they use their political influence to bring about tax laws that give them room to commit such abuses." They also ask that multinationals tax as a single entity doing business on an international scale. "This is the key to any reform in this field, because multinationals usually structure transfer pricing and other financial arrangements to transfer the benefits they generate to screen companies based in jurisdictions with low taxation (Squire, 2013). Likewise, they refer to the tax havens, which they accuse of facilitating abusive tax maneuvers that generate enormous damages for the world community. In the declaration of principles, the group of experts calls for greater transparency and access to the informat ion of global companies, while recommending to broaden the debate on the tax avoidance of multinationals and make it more accessible to the public. In addition to single taxation and transparency, the Independent Commission for International Corporate Tax Reform recommends curbing tax competition, ensuring compliance with regulations, reform tax treaties and developing a more inclusive system of international tax cooperation. Instead of allowing income derived from the control or ownership of intellectual property rights to a low taxing jurisdiction, such income should be attributed to the jurisdictions where the intellectual property was developed or, if sold, Allocate according to objective economic factors such as sales and employment. The Commission argues that States should examine the side effects of the tax advantages they grant to multinationals and eliminate those that would lead to tax evasion in another country. All countries should make public the incentives, tax advantages and income exclusions they offer to global companies. The report says it is necessary to take further legal action before the Australian Commission to clarify the factors that qualify certain tax benefits granted to companies as illegal state aid and curb the use of tax advantages. The Commission recommends imposing criminal sanctions on abusive practices and developing a tax withholding model, which requires the withholding of taxes on payments of interest, dividends, royalties and other payments between subsidiaries of global companies, before That such payments cross borders. What are the treaties, conventions or agreements that have impacted on the products or services that multinational company provides in Australia? In the final statement, experts say that not only "there are abusive tactics in the tax field by multinationals, but this increases the tax pressure on other taxpayers, violates corporate civic obligations, robs countries developed and developing critical resources to fight poverty and to finance public services, exacerbate income inequality and increase dependence on developing countries for official assistance. Technological changes are profoundly transforming international trade, modifying the mineral and products that are exchanged, as well as the ways in which they are produced, stored, distributed, transported and traded. This new scenario opens up a variety of trade policy questions The reality of the country's mining infrastructure is that it has had more stumbling blocks than the President of the Republic, ,estimated at the beginning of his term, when he assured that the mining-energy locomotive would remain 'at full steam' , A situation that has not been fully addressed for different reasons, such as illegal mining, infrastructure attacks and the lack of more roadways, more modern ports and an expansion of the pipeline network. The expert says that infrastructure in the regions is key, but much more important is to forge a transfer of knowledge with communities and employees of companies to generate a more comprehensive development (Sleeboom-Faulkner, 2010). The Australian Petroleum Association, one of the challenges for Australia is to play 'from you to you' with its trading partners and in turn 'conquer the Asian markets together'. And in this struggle to achieve international standards in the field of crude oil, the country is achieving some of the goal s it had set itself, such as the sustained production of more than 1 million barrels a day of oil, thanks to foreign investment. The outlook for Australia is encouraging in terms of clean and sustainable energy and an example of this is that most of the electricity The potential impact of these technologies on labor markets and income distribution could be very significant. On the one hand, many jobs, especially those with lower qualifications and lower wages, would disappear as they were automated. On the other hand, new occupations related to these technologies will emerge, while the human attributes more difficult to substitute like creativity, emotional aspects and interpersonal relationships will gain relevance. Tasks where there will be greater opportunities will likely correspond to higher levels of education and better. With regard to the single tax return, the Commission asks States to "reject the artifice that the subsidiaries and branches of multinationals are independent entities entitled to separate tax treatment. Likewise, they propose to establish models of agreements that facilitate the participation of different jurisdictions in the distribution of income and costs attributable to a multinational that operates in these jurisdictions. Air: its alterations are associated with dust, noise, CO2 emissions as a result of, among other activities, the use of fossil fuels, use of minerals, excavation, cutting of slopes and operation of machines and tools. For the specific case of sulfur dioxide, Medineckien, et. Al. References Adeyeye, A. (2012). Corporate Social Responsibility of Multinational Corporations in Developing Countries. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Dunning, J. (2013). Multinationals. 1st ed. Routledge. Kind, H., Midelfart-Knarvik, K. and Schjelderup, G. (2004). Trade and multinationals. 1st ed. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research. Mining in Western Australia. (n.d.). 1st ed. Perth, W.A.: Chamber of Mines of Western Australia. Multinational Corporations in Political Environments. (2010). 1st ed. World Scientific Pub Co Inc. Overview of best practice environmental management in mining. (2002). 1st ed. [Canberra, A.C.T.]: Environment Australia. Rio Tinto Business With Communities Program. (2000). 1st ed. [Melbourne]: [Rio Tinto]. Rio Tinto. (2008). 1st ed. Melbourne: Rio Tinto. Sleeboom-Faulkner, M. (2010). Frameworks of Choice. 1st ed. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. Squire, A. (2013). Minerals. 1st ed. Danbury, Conn.: Children's Press.

Multi Criteria Decision Model Mining Projects MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Multi Criteria Decision Model for Mining Projects. Answer: Introduction Construction program management involves the process of scheduling the construction activities to deliver the project on time. The current report provides a work breakdown structure of construction project of City of Newcastle. It also identifies the dependencies and sequence of the constructional activities. Resource requirements and duration for the project are also discussed. Finally, the conflicts and leveling has been reviewed efficiently. The preliminaries in the construction provide the description of the project allowing the constructor to assess the cost that do not form a part of the package of works which is required in the contract as well as the method and circumstances of the works. Destination will be done on basis of excavation, formwork, concreting, substructure, services and external works. It should be done for the project. It should also ensure that all the estimation is done accurately and as for the required means of the project excavation process would include building foundation the materials and tool used for the earthwork. Excavation will be done using iron pen, basket, sledgehammer, boning rod and mark. Speed line and pins, drawing requirements will be used for excavation, which includes central line drawing in layout planning. The size of the formulation for the main walls will be set according to the depth as well as for the partition the corner benchmarks will be set up surveying the ground lev el as well as that of labels excavation will be done to improve left foundation (Fellers 2014). The ground will be dressed making up to cut off level; the dewatering will still be constructed interconnecting the trenches and marking boundaries of the building. Excess soil will be removed and the quality checks for excavation will be done. The quality checks for filling will also be done finally for required dewatering compaction as well as density level that need to be achieved. Substructure will be constructed after the excavation has been done it would be based on Foundation level. According to Ja?ocha (2014), shallow formation are those foundation having depth less than its width, deep foundation are those foundation having depth more than its width. In case of shallow foundation, step footing will be used as well and isolated footing depending on the loads. Structural design will be used for the deformation will be piling and raft footing. The piles that will be used are fictional piles in which the load will be there as negative skin friction of the piles. Moreover, the piling will ensure that whole structure withstands bad loading condition and the load is transferred to the soil respectively. Faster the pile, boards will be driven using the pile driving machine. It will take up at range of 8 to 13 with 1.2-meter diameter after the file has been dug. Steel reinforcement cages of piles will be put into the pile holes. Later concrete will be filled up using method and bentonite slurry will be used to prevent the side soils to collapse. After the piling has been constructed a pile cap will be constructed which will ensure that the total structural weight is carried and is transferred equivalent to the soil (Yumusak 2015). The pile structure as well as the pile cap should be monolithic that is the concrete should be done uniformly to prev ent any kind of cracks or cold joins. The superstructure will be constructed throughout after the completion of substructure (Omar 2017). Superstructure will include main wall, partition walls, load bearing walls, design services including lighting, flooring, tiling, internal and external finishes. Various plumbing works will also include in the services. The final wall finish, distempering, whitewashing and coloring will also be done. External works including aesthetics interior design as well as carpeting will be done. Sequence and dependencies Task Name Duration Start Date End Date Predecessors % Complete Building in City of New Castle 134d 05/10/17 10/14/17 0% Preliminary works 68d 05/11/17 07/29/17 0% Piles Cleaning 15d 05/11/17 05/27/17 0% Geocell 25d 05/29/17 06/27/17 3 0% Shotcrete works 40d 06/02/17 07/19/17 4SS +4d 0% Anchors 10d 06/09/17 06/21/17 5SS +6d 0% Detailed Excavation 30d 06/22/17 07/26/17 5SS +16d 0% Footing works 20d 07/07/17 07/29/17 7SS +13d 0% Erect tower crane 3d 07/20/17 07/22/17 8SS +11d 0% Substructure works 36d 07/24/17 09/02/17 0% Basement works 36d 07/24/17 09/02/17 0% Columns and Structural walls/Lifts 15.5d 07/24/17 08/10/17 0% Steel Fixing 7.5d 07/24/17 08/01/17 8SS +10d, 9 0% Formwork 7.5d 07/28/17 08/05/17 13SS +4d 0% Concrete pouring 7.5d 08/02/17 08/10/17 14SS +4d 0% Electrical works 7d 08/07/17 08/14/17 15SS +4d 0% Plumbing works 10d 08/09/17 08/19/17 15SS +6d 0% Pour slab 20d 08/11/17 09/02/17 17SS +2d 0% Structural works 134d 05/10/17 10/14/17 0% Upper Ground Floor works 35d 09/04/17 10/14/17 0% Erection of scaffold 5d 09/04/17 09/08/17 18 0% Form deck 7d 09/09/17 09/16/17 21 0% Prepare columns and walls 6d 09/14/17 09/20/17 22SS +4d 0% Pour columns and walls 6d 09/18/17 09/23/17 23SS +3d 0% Prepare steel fixing 6d 09/21/17 09/27/17 24SS +3d 0% Services decking 6d 09/23/17 09/29/17 25SS +2d 0% Place top reo 6d 09/28/17 10/05/17 25 0% Deck cleaning 6d 10/06/17 10/12/17 27 0% Pour slab 2d 10/13/17 10/14/17 28 0% First Floor works 16d 05/10/17 05/27/17 0% Erection of scaffold 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Form deck 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Prepare columns and walls 3d 05/15/17 05/17/17 32SS +4d 0% Pour columns and walls 5d 05/18/17 05/23/17 33SS +3d 0% Prepare steel fixing 4d 05/22/17 05/25/17 34SS +3d 0% Services decking 4d 05/24/17 05/27/17 35SS +2d 0% Place top reo 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Deck cleaning 4d 05/15/17 05/18/17 37 0% Pour slab 2d 05/19/17 05/20/17 38 0% Second Floor works 18d 05/10/17 05/30/17 0% Erection of scaffold 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Form deck 7d 05/10/17 05/17/17 0% Prepare columns and walls 6d 05/15/17 05/20/17 42SS +4d 0% Pour columns and walls 6d 05/18/17 05/24/17 43SS +3d 0% Prepare steel fixing 6d 05/22/17 05/27/17 44SS +3d 0% Services decking 6d 05/24/17 05/30/17 45SS +2d 0% Place top reo 6d 05/10/17 05/16/17 0% Deck cleaning 6d 05/17/17 05/23/17 47 0% Pour slab 2d 05/24/17 05/25/17 48 0% Roof level works 19d 05/10/17 05/31/17 0% Erection of scaffold 2d 05/10/17 05/11/17 0% Form deck 6d 05/10/17 05/16/17 0% Prepare columns and walls 5d 05/12/17 05/17/17 52SS +2d 0% Pour columns and walls 4d 05/16/17 05/19/17 53SS +3d 0% Prepare steel fixing 5d 05/16/17 05/20/17 54SS 0% Services decking 5d 05/19/17 05/24/17 55SS +3d 0% Place top reo 5d 05/23/17 05/27/17 56SS +3d 0% Deck cleaning 5d 05/24/17 05/29/17 57SS +1d 0% Pour slab 2d 05/30/17 05/31/17 58 0% Finishes works 43d 05/10/17 06/29/17 0% Basement works 20d 05/22/17 06/14/17 0% Rough in services 20d 05/22/17 06/14/17 39 0% Upper Ground Floor works 43d 05/10/17 06/29/17 0% Hydraulic works 5d 06/15/17 06/20/17 62 0% Brick laying 13d 06/15/17 06/29/17 64SS 0% Installation of windows 12d 05/10/17 05/23/17 0% Internal frames to walls and ceilings 10d 05/10/17 05/20/17 0% Rough-in services 7d 05/22/17 05/29/17 67 0% Set, Sand walls and install ceilings 10d 05/30/17 06/09/17 68 0% Waterproofing works 5d 06/12/17 06/16/17 69 0% Painting works 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Tiling works 12d 05/15/17 05/27/17 71 0% Cleaning works 4d 05/29/17 06/01/17 72 0% Fittings 3d 05/10/17 05/12/17 0% Silicon works 3d 05/13/17 05/16/17 74 0% Final Cleaning 1d 05/13/17 05/13/17 75SS 0% First Floor works 31d 05/10/17 06/15/17 0% Plasterboard set out 2d 06/14/17 06/15/17 49FS +15d 0% Hydraulic works 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Installation of windows 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Brickwork 14d 05/11/17 05/26/17 80SS +1d 0% Internal frames to walls and ceilings 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Rough-in services 5d 05/12/17 05/17/17 82SS +2d 0% Set, Sand walls and ceilings 7d 05/10/17 05/17/17 0% Waterproofing works 4d 05/18/17 05/22/17 84 0% Painting works 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Installation of kitchen 7d 05/16/17 05/23/17 86 0% Tiling works 5d 05/24/17 05/29/17 87 0% Wardrobes installation 4d 05/10/17 05/13/17 0% Screens installation 3d 05/10/17 05/12/17 89SS 0% Cleaning works 3d 05/10/17 05/12/17 0% Fittings 2d 05/10/17 05/11/17 0% Silicon works 2d 05/12/17 05/13/17 92 0% Carpet installation 2d 05/15/17 05/16/17 93 0% Final Cleaning 1d 05/17/17 05/17/17 94 0% Second Floor works 38d 05/10/17 06/23/17 0% Plasterboard set out 4d 06/20/17 06/23/17 59FS +15d 0% Hydraulic works 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Installation of windows 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Brickwork 19d 05/11/17 06/01/17 99SS +1d 0% Install sliding door frames 5d 05/15/17 05/19/17 100SS +3d 0% Internal frames to walls and ceilings 7d 05/10/17 05/17/17 0% Rough-in services 6d 05/12/17 05/18/17 102SS +2d 0% Set, Sand walls and ceilings 12d 05/19/17 06/01/17 103 0% Waterproofing works 5d 05/31/17 06/05/17 104SS +10d 0% Painting works 5d 06/06/17 06/12/17 105 0% Installation of kitchen 9d 05/10/17 05/19/17 0% Tiling works 7d 05/18/17 05/25/17 107SS +7d 0% Wardrobes installation 6d 05/10/17 05/16/17 0% Screens installation 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 109SS 0% Cleaning works 5d 05/10/17 05/15/17 0% Fittings 3d 05/10/17 05/12/17 0% Silicon works 4d 05/13/17 05/17/17 112 0% Carpet installation 3d 05/18/17 05/20/17 113 0% Final Cleaning 2d 05/22/17 05/23/17 114 0% Exterior works 35d 05/10/17 06/20/17 0% Exterior waterproofing 10d 05/10/17 05/20/17 0% Dismantle crane 0 05/10/17 05/10/17 0% Cleaning of bricks 8d 05/10/17 05/18/17 0% Painting works 15d 05/15/17 05/31/17 119SS +4d 0% Dismantle of scaffold 7d 06/01/17 06/08/17 120 0% Exterior tiling 20d 05/10/17 06/01/17 0% Landscaping works 15d 06/02/17 06/20/17 122 0% Exterior cleaning 10d 05/10/17 05/20/17 0% Table 1: Spreadsheet of the dependencies and project activities (Source: Created by the author) The whole sequencing method has been derived as a result of effectiveness of the construction project and to maintain the innovation, scheduling and ideas. As per Samanta (2017), the major constraint of the project that has been kept in mind is the project budget as well as the time. Time and budget are the main constraints of the project and the project is estimated to be delivered within the time without any kind of delay. Moreover additional risk management has been taken before hand to ensure that the project does not exceed the budget cost Resource requirements and durations Task Name Quantity Crew Size Preliminaries 5 Estimation m2 3 Planning 1 Risk analysis 2 Budgeting 2 Reconnaissance survey m2 8 Excavation cum 100 Foundation materials and tools 10 Earth work excavation cum 68 Centre line drawing m2 4 Layout planning m2 5 Quality checks of soil 15 Substructure 89 Soil testing 12 Foundation layout m2 2 Foundation construction m2 105 Foundation load analysis 3 Piling 54 Piling reinforcement 35 Piling cast in situ 66 Pile cap construction 44 Concreting cum 38 Superstructure 78 Walling 25 Flooring 25 Roofing 25 Beam design and construction 4 Column design and construction 6 Slab design and construction 5 Staircase design and construction 4 Services 12 Lighting 3 Plumbing 6 Electricity 3 Fit out and finishes 3 Wall finish 3 Coloring 3 Whitewashing 5 Distempering 3 Floor finish 4 External coloring, pavements and garden 5 Table 2: Resource requirements and duration (Source: Created by the author) Labor/pant productivity rates used Number of activity Work activity Unit Tradesman hours Laborer hours 1 Excavation and backfilling cum 0.92 2 Concrete work sqm 0.30 3 Formwork sqm 0.65 0.22 4 Reinforcement No 0.24 5 Precast concrete sqm 0.70 6 Brickwork and blockwork blks 14 7 7 Brickwork and block work blks/sqm 15 6.5 8 Structural steelwork m 2 9 Metalwork m 0.50 1 10 Carpentry m 20 11 Floor framing m 18 12 Wall framing m 18 13 Insulation and flooring sqm 25 14 Joinery sqm 2 15 Windows and doors set 1.55 16 Timber framing m 22 17 Glazing m 8.5 18 Roofing and roof planning sqm 15 5 19 Insulation sqm 20 20 Plastering sqm 0.5 0.25 21 Painting sqm 0.25 22 Sanitary plumbing each 0.75 23 Drainage m 0.43 24 Mechanical service each 0.55 25 Black carbon steel m 1.60 2.20 26 Pipe work m 0.75 27 Pipe support each 0.70 28 Electrical services m 0.18 29 Conduit m 0.22 30 Cable m 0.17 Table 3: Labor/plant productivity rates that has been used (Source: Influenced from Rawlinsons 2008) Conflicts and leveling It was ensured that the allocation of the resources was done serially on time and the scheduling of all the activities possible within the available resources. The next time period was then moved on and repeated it (Sarhadi 2016). The same process and activities were assigned for the similar resources, preferences was given to the activities with the least slack. According to Sohi (2016), the non-physical activities were rescheduled for freeing the resources for the critical activities. In this process, the non-critical activities became critical and the completion time of the project was stressed. Effectively critical path comprising of activities having zero slack after completion of the resource leveling the resource smoothing was carried out for further optimization of the project (Teraiya 2016). The max units was assigned to the level of resource and was reset every time the schedule was loaded from the database. The project resource allocation less than load of enterprise resource, adjustments were done to the field with proper project allocation through resource leveling. The assignment units are also set against the assignment tasks. Further, the value is set during assigned resource to the task. Leveling process is also ensured to be the greater units that have been reached for the project. The peak for the resources was calculated as the rollup for the assignments, which are overlapped as well as requires movement of the assignment to other resources. The priorities of the task was set accordingly for leveling the resources as well that was accomplished using proper setting of dependencies such as the predecessors for short concrete works was set as 4SS+4d and so on. Conclusion It can be concluded that project management is an important factor that contributes towards the successful completion of a project. The work breakdown structure helps for resource leveling as well as resource smoothing activities that will ensure that no conflict for the end activities is taking place. For the Gantt chart produced, it helps a project manager to identify various kinds project scheduling as well as fix the constraints of the projects, time and budget. Moreover any deviation of the project from scheduling and plan budgeting can also be tracked and mitigated before hand as well. References Fellers, J.W., 2014. How do Managers Control Technology-Intensive Work?.Journal of Management,2(1), pp.01-09. Ja?ocha, B., Krane, H.P., Ekambaram, A. and Prawelska-Skrzypek, G., 2014. Key competences of public sector project managers.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,119, pp.247-256. Omar, R. and Din, J., 2017. Risk Assessment Tool for Software Project in Malaysian Public Sector.Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences,12(3), pp.527-533. Samanta, B.K., 2017. Multi Criteria Decision Model for Mining Projects.The Journal of Modern Project Management,4(3), pp.23-34. Sarhadi, M., 2016. Comparing Communication Style within Project Teams of three Project-oriented Organizations in Iran.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,226, pp.226-235. Sohi, A.J., Hertogh, M., Bosch-Rekveldt, M. and Blom, R., 2016. Does Lean Agile Project Management Help Coping with Project Complexity?.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,226, pp.252-259. Teraiya, M.D., Solanki, M.B. and Raval, M.R., 2016. DESIGN OF TEXTILES INDUSTRIES BATCH MANGEMENT USING PLC AND SCADA.Development,3(1). Pp.12-23. Yumusak, N., Ozcelik, I., Iskefiyeli, M., Adak, M.F. and K?rktepeli, T., 2015. University Industry Linkage Projects Management System.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,174, pp.3254-3259. Conflicts and leveling

Issues in International Trade

Introduction International trade has evolved and continue to evolve. But in its present form it can be described as the by-product of globalization, political and ideological conflict, breakthroughs in technology and overdependence on fossil fuels. Every major adjustments made were linked to these forces.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Issues in International Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As a result it can be said that three of the most pressing issues concerning international trade are: the need for international courts and international laws; international terrorism; and energy security. These three issues had to be addressed in order for national governments and their respective representatives to the United Nations and other international organizations to develop policies and laws that can eliminate the uncertainties in international trade and ensure that it continues to flourish in the 21st cen tury. International Courts and International Laws The importance of well-crafted international laws to help resolve conflict can never be stressed strongly enough. It is imperative to have international laws especially when it comes to business transactions between two multi-national companies. The same thing is true when it comes to international courts because there is a need to have a place or an institution that business organizations can go to in order to settle differences and resolve conflicts. In a local setting laws and courts are needed to safeguard peace, to punish erring criminals and therefore ensure that streets are safe for young and old alike. Without laws and courts, a country can easily plunge into chaos. From a business point of view, there would be no products and services. People will suffer because of the lack of food and other basic supplies. The same thing can happen if business organizations cannot resolve conflicts (Janis, 1992). Consider for instance if th e supply of wheat is made possible by an exporting company and then all of a sudden a conflict arises making it unprofitable for the said organization to continue supplying wheat. The stakeholders dependent on the said imports cannot afford to simply stop using the said product.  According to experts, the concept of international law and international courts is an old idea. Dutch statesman Hugo Grotius, considered to be the â€Å"Father of International Law† argued, â€Å"†¦that all nations should follow one set of rules† (Kolba, 1995, p.10).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are many who were in agreement and so they finally made the decisive actions beginning in 1864 and Kolba wrote:  In 1864, a group of nations met at Geneva, Switzerland, at the urging of Henri Dunant, one of the founders of the International Red Cross [†¦] It produced a s et of rules for nations at war called the Geneva Convention [†¦] Only twelve nations signed the convention at first. Then in 1899 and 1907, delegates met at The Hague in the Netherlands [†¦] These conferences produced more rules, moving beyond war to cover how nations could stay at peace. (Kolba, 1995, p. 10).  The International Court of Justice is an example of an institution that can help international trade flourish in the 21st century and limit the problems that can discourage other players from creating a truly free enterprise in a global stage (Amr, 1993). The said institution does not only helps nations settle their differences without going to war but it can make legal decisions that many nations and heads of state would respect and adhere to.  There are similarities with regards to how a local justice system and an international court work. However, there major differences such as the scale of the conflict that has to be resolved and instead of individuals, th e international court deals with strained relationships between two multinational companies or sovereign nations. A good example of an international court is a tribunal created by the United Nations. The purpose of a UN-sponsored tribunal is to ensure that there would be a fair trial. It has been said that without the International Court of Justice, it would have been impossible to have a neutral third party that can be perceived by erring parties to be truly non-biased in tackling their dispute (Knoops, 2003, p.8). This can be seen through the way judges are selected as seen below:  Judges are elected by the General Assembly of the UN after being nominated by Member States [†¦] The input of the General Assembly allows for representation of the interests of the diverse legal systems of the world. Furthermore, ad hoc international tribunals may have the advantage that judges appointed by the General Assembly are more likely to be impartial and representative of the general leg al norms accepted by most nations and also be perceived as such (Knoops, 2003, p. 8). In civilized countries all over the world, civil courts had been proven to be effective in dealing with conflicts between two neighbours or even with groups and organizations. In the case of conflicts between two nations or a multinational company, a similar system is needed but one that can handle the intricacies involved in international relations and international trade. Threat of International Terrorism For thousands of years, the nature of warfare was predictable. It can be described as a battle between two armies and the conflict resolved in the battle field. In modern times it was characterized by troop movement as well as the use of modern equipment to increase the efficiency of fighting men.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Issues in International Trade specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More But in the latter part of the 20t h century and up to the present a new form of warfare was forced into the consciousness of the general public and it is a war rooted in guerilla warfare but done in a manner that combatants are unseen until the moment they choose to strike (Weimann, 2006). This is the methodology of a terrorist hidden from view and willing to destroy high-value targets using unconventional techniques. According to historians, these groups can be described as â€Å"an evolving threat† and they remarked:  The modern domestic terrorist threat has adopted advanced organizational and operational techniques that make it increasingly insidious. Terrorists from various groups have demonstrated an ability to work by themselves or in small groups †¦ they can operate as ‘leaderless resistance,’ operating from general instructions or directive, perhaps spread via Web sites. Such small cells are difficult to detect and stop (Carafano Sauter, 2005, p. 129).  There are two major impli cations when it comes to the existence of international terror groups and international trade. First of all these extremists have no permanent residency and can move from one country to the next. Secondly, their main objective is to destroy high-value targets such as airports, seaports, and vital structures that can increase the number of casualties. A crippled nuclear reactor and a tampered water treatment system can easily claim hundreds or even thousands of lives.  The ability of terrorists to operate in different parts of the world and to orchestrate a terror plot beyond the reach of their target is made possible by technology, specifically Information Technology (Bielsky, 2005). In this regard, terrorists can also use computers and the Internet to create mayhem and confusion in the form of cyber attacks (Tipton Krause, 2005). These men must not be underestimated based on the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center that showcased their intent and their ability to think -out-of-the-box so to speak. Cyber terrorists are a new breed of criminals and saboteur for they combine intelligence and the implications of a perpetually changing technology. It is therefore extremely difficult to stop them before they strike. The enemy of free enterprise and democracy can use wireless technology and vanish like the wind. These criminals can use mobile technology and set-up a system in rented apartment or even in a mobile vehicle. Their presence creates a great deal of instability when it comes to Energy Security In the oil crisis of the 1970s the world was made aware that oil supply will not last for long. There is a certain limit to the amount of fossil fuel that could ever be used. With a growing global population and the continuing insatiable thirst for energy from factories in China, India, Europe and the United States, there would come a time when there is no more oil, coal, and natural gas that can sustain the need for fossil fuel.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the case of international trade the importance of energy security cannot be stressed hard enough. The only thing that powers trains, airplanes and cargo ships is nothing more than fossil fuel. If one would remove crude oil for instance from the equation then it would be impossible for the transport of raw materials and finished products. In other words international trade becomes a thing of the past (Jaccard, 2005). The whole planet reverts back to ancient way of moving goods and services between two nations.  The need for energy security has become a problematic issue because of the nature of globalization and international markets. In the past the manufacture of goods was much simpler. Raw materials come from rural areas and transported to the cities where the factories are located. Industrialists and businessmen simply had to deal with the distance between factories and source of raw materials.  In the Medieval Age the problem was partially solved by the use of massive shi ps that require weeks and months of travel time before raw materials can be transformed into much needed finished products. But most of the time what was transported are goods that are ready to be used, not components that require assembly in another distant location. Consider also the significance of establishing factories in far-away locations as China and India (Chambers, 2003). Consider the implications when it comes to logistics and energy requirements needed to sustain that kind of operation. It has become painfully clear that as the industrialized world continues to demand for cheaper products the threat of an energy crisis looms large. In recent years soaring prices has provided a glimpse as to what can happen if products and services are no longer available because there is no means to transport raw materials and finished goods.  International trade can easily fail on account of one factor and it is energy needs. The worst case scenario can include famine, anarchy, and de stabilization of societies. Governments are powerless to deal with the aftermath of an energy crisis wherein factories can no longer operate; power plants can no longer provide electricity, and the paralysis of the transport sector forcing life to come to a standstill. It is therefore important to solve this problem before it happens. There is so much incentive to deal with it in the present and not wait for the future outcome of a planet unable to live without fossil fuel. The short term solution is to maximize oil production and to increase the efficiency of the recovery of fossil fuel from oil-rich countries. Energy saving measures are also in place as well as the need to change habits and lifestyles to conform with the reality of dwindling oil supplies. But there is only one sustainable solution and it is to stop using fossil fuel by developing alternative sources of energy taken from renewable sources. Conclusion It is imperative to focus on three major issues related to intern ational trade. There is a need to improve the capabilities of international courts and there is also the need to create international laws that can help resolve conflicts between multinational companies and organizations that have dealings with different countries. But it is also important to deal with the threat of international terrorism. An international terrorist is difficult to apprehend but more importantly an international terrost can destroy high-value targets that could threatne the stability of airports, seaports, and transportation hubs vital to international trade. All these two factors combine cannot match the serious implication of an energy crisis. The whole world must come together to find a solution to an impending energy crisis. References Amr, Mohamed. (1993). The Role of the International Court of Justice As the  Principal Judicial Organ of the United Nations. MA: Martinus Nijhoff  Publishers, 1993. Bielsky, L. (2005). Getting front and center on security pol icies. ABA Banking  Journal, 97(3), pp. 57-59. Carafano, J. M. Sauter (2005). Homeland Security. New York: McGraw-Hill. Chambers, A. (2003). Renewable Energy in Nontechnical Language. Tulsa, OK:  PenWell Books. Tipton, H. Krause, M. (2005). Information Security Management Handbook.  Florida: CRC Press LLC. Jaccard, M. (2005). Sustainable Fossil Fuels. New York:  Cambridge University Press, 2005. Janis, M. (1992). International Courts for the Twenty-First Century. MA: Martinus  Nijhoff Publishers. Knoops, G. (2003). International and Internationalized Criminal Courts.  Netherlands: Boom uitgevers Den Haag Kolba, B. (1995). International Courts. New York: Gareth Stevens, Inc. Weimann, G. (2006). Terror on the Internet: The New Arena, The New Challenges.  Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace. This report on Issues in International Trade was written and submitted by user Cailyn Lee to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.